盲/低视力儿童视力康复和阅读功能研究

Visual function rehabilitation researc of children with low vision/blindness

目的 :观察盲校及低视力门诊的 15周岁以下患者 ,用低视力助视器对其视力特别是阅读功能进行康复和评估。方法 :总共有 5 5位来自盲校和低视力门诊的儿童 ,其好眼的最佳远矫正视力都低于 4 .5 ,进行低视力助视器的验配和训练 ,然后进行望远镜助视器视觉评价、近用助视器视觉评价和在配戴近用助视器的基础上 ,对患儿的阅读功能进行评估。结果 :戴远用助视器前后盲童的脱盲率为 33.3% ,戴远用助视器前后低视力患儿的脱残率为 87.1%。戴低视力助视器前后患儿阅读四号字的速度差异有显著性 (t =5 .2 38;P =0 .0 0 1) ;戴低视力助视器前后患儿阅读小五号字的速度差异有显著性 (t=4 .818;P =0 .0 0 8)。结论 :低视力助视器对盲 /低视力患儿视觉康复有效 ,不仅可有效地改善视力 ,而且可提高阅读速度 ,对患儿进一步接受教育极其重要。

Objective:Using low vision aids to evaluate vision function especial reading function of low vision/blindness children under 15 year of age in a school for the blindness and in the pediatric patients registered in low vision department in W.M.C Optometry Clinic.Methods:Fifity five children who's best corrected vision are lower than 4.5 were collected and evaluated,including:①Distance vision was evaluated through telescope.②Near vision was evaluated through near low vision aids.③Reading ability was evaluated through near low vision aids.Results:After using telescope 33.3% blind children's distance vision was ≥3.7;after using telescope 87.1% low vision children's distance vision was ≥4.5;after using near low vision aids children's reading speed for different size of reading material improve greatly,the difference is significant(t=5.238;P=0.001)(t=4.818;P=0.008).Conclusion:Low vision aids is effective for vision function rehabilitation,it not only improves near vision,but also improves children's reading ability,which is important for children's further education.