重读《实践论》《矛盾论》的新认识

New Understandings: Rereading Mao Zedong's On Practice and On Contradictions

《实践论》与《矛盾论》是马克思主义哲学宝库中的重要财富。在《实践论》与《矛盾论》中,蕴涵着有待于我们继续深入挖掘的理论富矿。在《实践论》一文里,毛泽东强调了人民群众这个实践群体的重要性,《实践论》是辩证唯物论与历史唯物论在马克思主义认识论中的具体体现。在《矛盾论》里,毛泽东强调斗争性的绝对性与同一性的相对性,从理论上看,斗争是手段,同一是斗争的目的与归宿;从历史上看,在人类发展的漫长的历史中,同一性是长期起主导作用的东西,否则,人类的文明就不复存在;从现实来看,在我们的社会主义制度里,更要着力挖掘同一性中的各种积极的要素,以促进各项事业的持续发展。《矛盾论》中还蕴涵着"立体思维"的思想,立体思维是辩证思维的现代发展,唯有它才能更有效地克服人的主观性与片面性,才能成倍地提高生产或工作效率。

Mao Zedong's On Practice and On Contradictions are the important treasures in the treasure-house of Marxism philosophy. In the two works On Practice and On Contradictions, there are still many theoretical resources for us to develop. In On Practice, Mao Zedong stresses the importance of mass, the practice group. On Contradictions embodies the dialectical materialism and the historical materialism in Marxism cognition. In On Contradictions, Mao Zedong stresses the relativity between absoluteness and identity. Seen from the theory, struggle is the device, while identity is the goal and the final destination of struggle. Seen from the history, identity has long played the leading role in the long history of human being's development, otherwise the human being's civilization will in no way exists. Seen from the reality, all the positive elements of identity should be studied so as to promote the sustainable development of all the causes. On Contradictions also includes the thought of 'dimensional thinking'. The dimensional thinking is the modern development of the dialectical thinking, which helps to overcome the subjectivity and one-sidedness in an effective way and multiply improve the efficiency of production or work.