西北高原重要吸血昆虫的物候学研究及防治对策

Phenology and control measures of important blood-sucking insects in plateau of northwest China

目的 了解西北高原格尔木地区重要媒介生物及吸血昆虫的本底与物候学,制定防治对策,控制其危害。方法 现场观测描述法和形态分类法。结果 研究阐述了候鸟、小型兽类(鼠)、重要媒介生物及吸血昆虫的种群组成、一日数量动态和全年季节消长,获得重要吸血昆虫13科36属89种:蚊科3属8种,蠓科4属22种,虻科5属7种,蚋科1属5种,硬蜱科2属3种,恙螨1属3种,蚤类7科20属41种。观察描述了西北高原格尔木地区具有代表性植物的生长发育规律;观测记录了当地自然界的气象水文现象;提出了相应的防治对策。结论 本研究为当地广大军民和西部开发者防治重要媒介生物及吸血昆虫提供了科学依据和物候学指征。

Objective To investigate the background and phenology of vectors and blood-sucking insects in Gerrum of Qinghai province, and work out control measures. Methods Observation and description in fields, morphological taxonomy. Results Background of species constitution and daily regular pattern and seasonal flunctation of migratory birds, little animals(rats) , vectors and blood-sucking insects were expounded. Species of blood-sucking insects belonging to 36 genera of 13 families were obtained, 8 species of mosquitos, 22 species of midges, 7 species of gadflies, 5 species of black flies, 3 species of ticks, 3 species of tsutsugamushi mites and 41 species of fleas. The regular patterns of growth and development of typical representative plants in Gerrum of Qinghai province were observed and described, and the meterology and hydrology of Gerrum were also recorded.The control measures for blood-sucking insects and vectors were suggested. Conclusion The scientific grounds were provided for persons working in this area to protect themselves.