旅客列车德国小蠊防治的研究

Control of Blattella germanica in the train

目的 探讨控制旅客列车德国小蠊危害的防治措施。方法 调查德国小蠊对不同列车、不同车厢的危害程度,以及对常用杀虫剂的抗性情况,研究将两种杀虫剂混配的效果,并用于现场防治。结果 德国小蠊危害严重,对10种杀虫剂均产生不同程度抗性,三氯杀虫酯和敌敌畏分别与菊酯类混配增效不明显,0.025％右旋苯氰菊酯与0.025％顺式氯氰菊酯混配室内效果比单独的顺式氯氰菊酯效果好,前者对德国小蠊全部击倒时间为14 min,24 h死亡率80％;后者全部击倒时间为20 min,24 h死亡率只有23.3％。混配制剂现场防治结果表明0.025％右旋苯氰菊酯与0.025％顺式氯氰菊酯混配制剂优于氟氯氰菊酯单剂,杀灭率分别为84.76％,47.71％。而混配制剂对硬座车厢的保护较好,对餐车车厢的保护较差。结论 单独的化学防治难以达到控制列车上德国小蠊危害的目的,尤其是对餐车化学防治技术难以发挥优势。

Objective To discuss chemical method for control Blattella germanica in trains. Methods The density of Blattella germanica was measured in trains and carriages, and resistance of Blattella germanica to insecticides was investigated . Killing effect of insecticides mixture was observed in lab, which was used in trains subsequently. Results It showed higher density of Blattella germanica in trains with use of air-conditions. The density was the highest in the carriage in which the meal was served. The resistance to 10 insecticides of Blattella germanica was appreciable in this investigation. With Acetophenate or Dichlorovos mixed, the effect of Pyrethroids did not increase. But the effect of the mixed preparation of d-Cypbenothrin and Alphamethrin was better than single component preparation of Alphamethrin in lab, and it was better than single component preparation of Cyfluthrin in trains.The mortalities were 84.76% and 47.71% .The mixed preparation was better for controlling Blattella germanica in common carriages, but it was not good method, which used in the carriage in which the meal was served. Conclusion Chemical method was not the best measure to control Blattella germanica in trains, of which especially the advantage was not apparent in the carriage where the meal was served.