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人类的体能与遗传 被引量:13

Human Genetics of Physical Performance
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摘要 近年来分子遗传学的研究已经在不断揭示人类的很多能力与遗传因素相关。如肌肉力量、耐力、肌肉动作能力、平衡力、神经肌肉动作技巧和协调性、柔韧性、有氧运动能力、无氧运动能力、训练应答 ,以及疲劳恢复等都有重要的生物学背景。在过去的几十年中 ,研究人员通过孪生子分析、过继亲属分析、同胞兄妹分析、父子母子分析等 ,对健康和体能表型的遗传率作了大量的分析 ,从而确切认知遗传对人类的健康和体能有重要影响。简言之 ,在环境条件大致相同的情况下 ,不同个体在健康、体能、领悟力以及训练应答存在明显差异性。通过对近年来人类体能遗传学方面的研究进行综述 ,重点讨论在一定环境因素下 ,遗传因素与人类体能各性状的相关性 ,及其在各性状表现方面的大小 ,并对体能相关的基因座作一概述 ,并对当前的研究状况和研究思路作一总结 ,旨在提示人类遗传学研究中一个新的视点。我国的国防和科学技术的发展 ,以及航天技术的应用都需要在特殊体能的个体选材中重视相关的遗传因素 。 Development of human molecular genetics gradually revealed that certain people seem to have congenital capacity in physical performance,and this capacity may correlate with genes.Recently,more and more evidences have shown that genes control some physical characters,such as extreme motion,muscle strength,endurance,ductility,fatigue recovery,and VO2max,ect.The development of spaceflight in China and nation defence urgently require appearance of this study, and its application will help to find phisically potential individuals in advance and save large amount of money in the later systematic training.
出处 《Acta Genetica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第3期317-324,共8页
基金 国家自然科学基金(编号:30 2 2 50 1 9)资助~~
关键词 体能 最大摄氧量 主基因效应 physical performance VO2max major gene effect
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参考文献51

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二级参考文献36

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