鲍人工配合饲料中应用防腐剂效果的研究

Study on the effects of the application of preservatives on arti-ficial diets for abalone

在鲍人工配合饲料中添加苯甲酸、山梨酸、尼泊金丁酯等防腐剂 ,在实验室设置的模拟投喂水体中 ,以饲料中孳生的细菌总数作为饲料在腐败过程中的腐败程度指标 ,研究了上述3种防腐剂在鲍饵中单独使用、混合使用以及多种添加量水平使用情况下的抑菌防腐效果及其特点。结果表明 ,鲍饵中添加0.50‰～1.00‰的尼泊金丁酯 ,在模拟投喂水体中具有非常显著而持久的防腐效果 ,30℃下72h内的腐败程度仅相当于不添加防腐剂的对照组饲料在16～25h内的腐败程度。还采用简易的投喂对照实验 ,初步验证了添加0.50‰尼泊金丁酯的人工配合饲料投喂对鲍的安全性。作者分析和讨论了以饲料在腐败过程中孳生的细菌总数作为模拟投喂过程中饲料的腐败度指标的优越性。

By adding benzoic acid,sorbic acid and butyl p-hydroxybenzoate to abalone artificial diets individually or collectively and at different treatment levels,effects and functions these preservatives on bacteriostasis were studied.The experiments were carried out indoor in a simulated-feeding seawater systemindoor by using the CFUof breeding-bacteria in artificial diets as an index for the decomposition degree of the artificial diets during feeding period.The results showed that the diets containing butyl p-hydroxybenzoate(0.50‰～1.00‰by wet weight)can inhibit bacteria from breeding significantly,the decomposition degree of the diets when immersed in seawater at30℃for72h was just equivlent to that for16～25h of the control group with no preservative added.In the experiment,the safety to the abalone fed with the diets containing0.50‰butyl p-hydroxybenzoate was initially tested and verified.Based on some discussion,the author suggest using that the total bacteria number bred breeding-bacteria in the artificial diets as an advautayeous better index for eˉvaluating the decomposition degree of the diets during the course of feeding.