学龄前儿童铁营养状况及铁缺乏危险因素调查

Investigation of iron nutritional status and risk factors of iron deficiency in preschool children

目的探讨本地区学龄前儿童铁缺乏症的发病率及危险因素。方法以整群抽样的方法对475名2～7岁儿童进行膳食调查、社会经济状况及饮食习惯调查 ,同时进行外周血血细胞分析、血清铁蛋白水平测定及幽门螺杆菌 (H.pylori)抗体检测。结果本地区小儿铁缺乏率为22.1 % ;非条件logistic多元回归分析筛选出铁缺乏症的5个危险因素 ,即 :儿童膳食中动物性食品来源的铁在总铁摄入量中所占比例低 (OR:3.13)、高膳食钙摄入(OR:3.43)、对小儿日常饮食进行特别安排 (OR :1.89)、不经常吃肉食品 (OR:2.05)、血清H.pylori抗体阳性(OR:8.13)和一个保护因素即儿童年龄 (OR:0.59)。结论本地区小儿铁缺乏症的发病率仍然较高 ,其与小儿不良饮食习惯、血红素铁摄入不足及H.pylori感染等密切相关。

Objective To investigate the incidence of iron deficiency for preschool children in the local area.Methods Four hundred and seventy_five preschool children aged2to7years were enrolled in this study with the cluster sampling method.A structured questionnaire including diet form,socioeconomic status and dietary habit was filled out by parents of all subjects,and hematological index,serum ferritin,H.pylori IgG antibodies were also measured.Results The incidence of iron deficiency(ID)was22.1%.There is no significant difference in nutrition and calorie intake between children with and without iron deficiency.The daily average intake of energy,protein and iron in two groups also exceeded the recomˉmendatory intake of dietary nutrient for Chinese residents.Logistics regression analysis showed ID was significantly associated with following five risk factors:low percentage of iron intake derived from animal food(OR:3.13),high calcium intake from diary diet(OR:3.43),special dietary arrangement(OR:1.89),poor consumption of meat products(OR:2.05)and H.pylori seropositivity(OR:8.15),and one protective factor:age of the children(OR:0.59).Conclusions ID is still seen common in preschool children and that is closely reated to low intake of haenmatinic iron,improper dietary habits and H.pylori infection.