沙田柚树施用活化磷肥的效果及机理研究

Study on Effects and Mechanisms of Applying an Activated Phosphatic Manure to Citrus grandis Osbeck

通过田间试验与室内模拟试验相结合,用相应活化剂处理水溶性P并配成沙田柚专用肥,进一步对其在广东梅县沙田柚产区施用的效果及机理进行研究。结果显示:(1)在沙田柚产区施用含活化P肥的专用肥,能有效改善柚树各生育期的P营养,从而能显著提高柚果产量和品质。(2)在梅县砂页岩赤红壤条件下,土壤中的Fe、Mn与P素有效性关系密切;Si可促进土壤中P的释放,适量的Ca可增加P的活性。(3)供试活化剂可控释水溶性P的释放,使土壤供P性能平稳。(4)在砂页岩赤红壤 植物体系中,活化剂对P的控释机理与不同地带性和不同母质的玄武岩砖红壤一样,是通过对土壤Fe、Mn、Al含量的调节而实现对P的活化。

The activation agents were used to treat water-soluble phosphate and be compound to expert fertilizers of Citrus grandis Osbeck and their field biological effect and mechanism were studied on the produce terra of Citrus grandis Osbeck in Meizhou of Guangdong.The results are as follows: (1) The P nutrition of leaves at every growth period of the tree were improved,accordingly the yield and the quality of Citrus grandis were increased markedly when the special fertilizers contained activated phosphate were used to the produce terra of Citrus grandis in Meizhou.(2)The Fe and Mn elements in the lateritic red earth derived from arenaceous shale are closely correlated to the efficiency of P elements. Si can benefit the release of P in soil,and proper Ca also increase the activity of P element.(3)The activation agents can control the release of water-soluble P so as to stabilize the P supply from soil. (4)The lateritic red earth derived from arenaceous shale is the same basalt-latolol soil of other zonality and other mother material as the control mechanisms of activation agents to P is to adjust the contents of Fe ,Al and Mn in soil so as to realize the activation of P in soil-plant system.