论锚泊偏荡

On Yawing

本文对锚泊偏荡的理论提出了一些新的见解。偏荡是一项复杂而又有害安全的运动,它具有简谐运动的某些特性但又不完全相同,偏荡运动最明显的特点是它的圆弧中心点是不固定的,半径也是不断变化的,此外,在发生偏荡时,船体一方面围绕某一个中心点进行“公转”,同时又以自身某一点作为轴进行“自转”。文章叙述了几种基本锚泊方式的偏荡情况,如:单锚系泊、八字锚系泊和一点锚系泊等。一点锚系泊防台是作者近几年创造的一种新的操作法,并详细阐明了“一点锚系驻力大于单锚二倍多”的依据。还介绍了几种抑制偏荡的基本操作方式。

The article is subjected to some new ideas about yawing. Yawing at anchor is a sort of complicated and hazadous movement. It has some character but not quite similar as that of Simple Harmonic Mo- tion.There are some significant differences:the curve of yawing has no fixed center,its radivs is variable as well.Basides,when yawing hap- pens,the ship will have both revolution against its relative center and rota- tion on her own axis at the same time. The article sketches the yawing conditions of several basic mooring fashions,such as:Single Mooring,Riding on V—Shape Anchors and Rid- ing on One—Point Anchors. The One—Point Anchoring Method is a method created by the author some years ago.It is explained in the article in details that the yawing resistance to the holding power of a ship anchored by One—Point Anchoring Method will be more than 2 times as that of a ship at a single mooring. Moreover,the article introduces some operating methods to control yawing.