云南南部恶性疟原虫对氯喹、咯萘啶、青蒿琥酯、哌喹敏感性的体外测定

SENSITIVITY IN VITRO OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM TO CHLOROQUINE, PYRONARIDINE, ARTESUNATE AND PIPERAQUINE IN SOUTH YUNNAN

1988及1990年在滇南恶性疟流行区用体外微量法测得恶性疟原虫对氯喹、咯萘啶、青蒿琥酯及哌喹的抗性率分别为98.7％(75/76)、27.6％(16/58)、13.8％(9/65)及97.7％(43/44);半数抑制量(ID_(50))分别为125.0、19.0、4.7及243.3nmol/L,抗氯喹恶性疟原虫对哌喹有明显的交叉抗性;对咯萘啶及青蒿琥酯则未见明显的交叉抗性。抗青蒿琥酯恶性疟原虫对以上3种药均有一定程度的交叉抗性。抗咯萘啶恶性疟原虫对青蒿琥酯无交叉抗性,而对氯喹及哌喹有一定程度的交叉抗性。

The sensitivity of P.falciparum to chloroquine,pyronaridine,artesunate and piperaquine (CQ,PD,AT,PQ) was assayed using in vitro microtechnique in south Yunnan in 1990.The resistance rates were 98.7% (75/76),27.6% (16/58),13.8% (9/65) and 97.7% (43/44) respectively,and ID50 were 125.0,19.0,4.7 and 243.3nmol/L,respectively.The resistance rate against CQ showed no change as compared to the rates against CQ 5 and 9 years ago;but the ID50 was lower.CQ-resistant P.falciparum showed a marked cross-resistance to PQ,but not to PD and AT.AT-resistant P.falciparum exhibited cross-resistance to the above-mentioned three drugs.PD-resistant P.falciparum showed no cross resistance to AT,but showed cross resistance to CQ and PQ.In comparison with chloroquine-coated plates,the plates coated with pyronaridine,artesunate or piperaquine gave similar results as the former,which were shown by the rise in schizont inhibition rates along with the rise in drug concentration.It indicates that pyronaridine-,artesunate-,and piperaquine-coated plates can be used in the assay of sensitivity of p.falciparum to the three drugs.