落叶果树离体器官再生研究的现状和存在问题

Organ regeneration of deciduous fruit trees in vitro:present status and topics to be researched

综述了影响落叶果树离体器官再生的因素 ,主要包括 :1)培养基成分 ,即培养基中无机营养、有机营养、生长调节物质 (BA 4～ 7mg·L-1或TDZ 0 0 2～ 3 3mg·L-1+NAA 0 2～ 1 5mg·L-1)、培养基pH及凝胶剂 ;2 )外植体的类型和来源、外植体成熟度或培养时间、外植体处理方法和基因型差异 ;3)培养条件 ,如 0～ 81μmol·s-1·m-2 的光照培养 ;4 )其他如添加化学制剂磷酸酶抑制剂 (NaF或Na3 VO40 5～ 10 0mol·L-1)等。今后应重点研究 :1)培养温度变化对离体器官再生的影响 ;2 )离体器官再生过程中激素作用位点等机理。

The factors influencing organ regeneration of deciduous fruit trees in vitro were reviewed, including 1) the medium composition, such as the inorganic nutrients, organic nutrients, plant growth regulators with BA 4～7?mg·L -1 or TDZ 0.02～3.3?mg·L -1 + NAA 0.2～1.5?mg·L -1 , medium pH and gelling agents; 2) types and sources of explants, maturity, treatment methods and genotypic differences; 3) culture conditions, such as incubation under 0～81?μmol·s -1 ·m -2 light conditions; 4) the addition of chemical additives, such as sodium fluoride or sodium orthovanadate at 0.5～100?mol·L -1 . The main aspects for further researches are: 1) effect of different incubation temperature on regeneration; 2) the action sites of plant growth regulators during the incubation of explants.