遥感-岩石力学(Ⅵ)——岩石摩擦滑移特征及其影响因素分析

REMOTE SENSING-ROCK MECHANICS(Ⅵ)—— FEATURES OF ROCK FRICTION-SLIDING AND ANALYSIS ON ITS INFLUENCE FACTORS

以花岗闪长岩和辉长岩为例,结合遥感-岩石力学基础实验研究,研究了双轴加载条件下岩石摩擦滑移特征,重点对影响岩石摩擦滑移特征的5个重要因素,即正应力、岩性、摩擦表面粗糙度、含水性及摩擦速率进行了实验分析。研究表明:(1) 正应力越大,越容易出现粘滑,粘滑时应力降越大,且重复粘滑的间隔周期越长。(2) 相同边界条件下,辉长岩的粘滑性比花岗闪长岩强。(3) 摩擦表面粗糙度对岩石的粘滑性能有较大影响,重复摩擦会增加粘滑的不稳定性。(4) 含水后岩石摩擦面的摩擦强度会降低,但摩擦过程中水份随产热蒸发,其摩擦强度会逐渐恢复。(5) 低速率摩擦时岩石主要表现为粘滑,而高速率摩擦时则主要表现为稳滑。

The rock friction-sliding features in condition of bi-axial loading are experimentally studied with gabbro and granodiorite as examples. The five important influence factors,that is,normal stress,rock property,roughness of the friction surface,aqueousness and sliding rate,are experimentally studied and analyzed. It is revealed that (1) the higher the normal stress is,the easier the stick-slip is and the longer the period is between two consecutive stick-slippings,(2) if the boundary conditions are the same,stick-slip potentiality of gabbro is bigger than that of granodiorite,(3) the roughness of the friction surface has much influence on the stick-slip property,and the repeated frictions will increase the instability of stick-slip,(4) the friction strength of aqueous rock is to decrease,but it will recover gradually with the heat production and the water evaporation in the process of friction-sliding,and (5) in condition of low friction rate,the rock friction-sliding is chiefly stick-slip,while in condition of high friction rate,the rock friction-sliding is chiefly stable slip.