中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)成熟蟹、抱卵蟹、流产蟹肝胰腺脂肪酸组成的比较研究

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION IN CRAB ERIOCHEIRS SINENSIS DURING MATURATION,SPAWNING AND MISCARRIAGE

采用气相色谱仪测定中华绒螯蟹 (Eriocheirsinensis)不同生理阶段 (成熟、抱卵、流产 )肝胰腺内的脂肪酸组成。结果表明 ,中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺中含有 2 2种脂肪酸 ,其中饱和脂肪酸(SFA) 5种 ,单烯酸 (MUFA) 5种 ,多烯酸 (PUFA ) 12种 ;MUFA的含量最高 ,占 5 2 4 7%—5 8 5 6 % ,SFA次之 ,为 2 3 17%— 2 9 2 0 % ,PUFA的含量较低 ,为 8 92 %— 2 1 11%。SFA、MUFA、PUFA的含量和Cn 3/Cn 6 值在不同生理阶段的中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺中差异极显著 ,油酸 (C18∶1)、棕榈酸 (C16∶0 )、棕榈油酸 (C16∶1)是肝胰腺中的主要脂肪酸 ,其含量分别为 35 2 1%—4 0 4 9%、17 97%— 2 1 97%和 11 6 9%— 14 90 % ,不同生理阶段的中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺中各脂肪酸的百分含量差异显著。比较研究温州本地抱卵蟹和太湖抱卵蟹肝胰腺中的脂肪酸 ,发现脂肪酸中SFA、MUFA、PUFA的含量和Cn 3/Cn 6 值差异极显著 ,除C14∶1、C18∶1、C2 0∶1及C2 0∶5外 ,其它脂肪酸的百分含量存在极显著的差异。

In this paper,fatty acid compositions at different physiological stages (maturation,spawning,miscarriage) of the crab Eriocheir sinensis were determined with capillary gas chromatography. The results showed that 22 kinds of fatty acids were present in the hepatopancreas of E. sinensis. The major fatty acids in each group were C18∶1 (35.21%—40.49%),C16∶0 (17.97%—21.97%) and C16:1 (11.69%? ?4.90 %). Saturated fatty acids (SFA),monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) represented 23.17%—29.20%,52.47%—58.56% and 8.92%—21.11% respectively,of total fatty acids in the hepatopancreas at the different physiological stages of E. sinensis . Content at the different physiological stages showed significant variation and some fatty acid was hardly determined at some stage. From maturation to spawning,ratios of SFA,MUFA and n-3HUFA to the total increased significantly,but ratios of n-6HUFA and PUFA to the total decreased significantly. Nevertheless,it is noteworthy that contents of n-3HUFA,n-6HUFA and PUFA all increased during miscarriage,and the DHA+EPA content was much higher than that during the maturation and spawning stage. Comparative research on the Wenzhou and Taihu spawning crab revealed significant differences in the contents of fatty acids,SFA,MUFA,PUFA and C_ n-3 /C_ n-6 . Contents of C18∶2,C18∶3,PUFA and n-6HUFA in the hepatopancreas of the Taihu spawning crab were much higher than that of the Wenzhou spawning crab. However,content of DHA was much lower in the Taihu spawning crab. In summary the results indicate that C18∶2,C18∶3 might form egg membranes and egg stalks,and EPA and DHA might play an important role in growth and development of E. sinensis embryos.