大兴安岭北部林区景观格局变化及其影响分析

Landscape pattern change and its influence in the forest of northern Daxinganling Mountanins

人为干扰影响着景观格局变化的速率和方向 ,这在景观格局变化过程中的作用越来越大 ,同时景观格局的变化也对人类活动产生了重大影响。通过对大兴安岭北部林区的景观多样性指数、优势度指数等一系列景观指数来研究该地区森林景观格局的变化 ,简要分析了格局变化产生的影响。结果表明 ,大兴安岭森林景观中 ,人为干扰使森林景观短时期内多样性增加、森林的优势度降低 ;景观向破碎化趋势发展 ;景观格局的变化对环境和人类活动产生了重大影响 ,森林向不可持续方向发展 ,因此应该进行合理的人类活动使森林可持续发展。

The occurance of disturbance directly influences the change of landscape pattern. Human disturbance influences the changing rate and direction. With the increase of the population and the economical development, the human disturbance plays a more and more important role in landscape change. The forest landscape change also affect the activity of human beings contrarily. We analysed the landscape pattern change in the study area using a set of landscape indices. The results showed that human disturbance caused the increase of landscape diversity and decrease of forest dominance in Daxinganling forest landscape. The landscape had a fragmentation trend. Pattern change influences the environment and migration of the population. To maintain the sustainable development of the forest, rational human activity must be emphasized.