夏季秋季喷施氨基酸对小白菜硝酸盐积累及营养品质的影响

Nitrate Accumulation and Variation of Nutritional Quality in Pakchoi after Application of Several Amino Acids in Summer and Autumn

在夏秋两季气候条件下对3种氨基酸(谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸)喷施小白菜硝酸盐积累及营养品质的影响作了研究。结果表明,在夏季和秋季喷施不同氨基酸都能显著提高小白菜的产量,尤以谷氨酰胺为佳,夏季增产幅度更大;同时都显著降低地上部硝酸盐的含量,且以谷氨酸效果较佳而季间稳定;都增加叶绿素、维生素C的含量,也以夏季效果更好;在夏季谷氨酰胺显著提高地上部磷浓度,在秋季谷氨酰胺显著提高氮的浓度,但其他氨基酸效果不太明显;夏季喷施谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸处理可以显著增加钙和铁的浓度,但各氨基酸处理使锌的浓度显著下降,秋季甘氨酸处理使铁浓度增加,甘氨酸和谷氨酸处理使锌浓度增加,但谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸处理使钙浓度下降,谷氨酰胺处理使锌浓度下降。

Effects of spraying glutamic acid (Glu), glutamine (Gln) and glycine (Gly) on nitrate accumulation and nutritional quality of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) were studied both in summer and in autumn. The result showed that the three amino acids (Glu, Gln, Gly) could significantly enhance yield of shoot and Gln was found to be the best. Better gains of increased yield of shoot were obtained when the amino acids were treated in summer than in autumn. The nitrate content of shoot decreased obviously when amino acids, specially, Glu was used in the two seasons. Both chlorophyll and vitamin C contents were improved by spraying three amino acids and benefits were better in summer than in autumn, too. Of three amino acids, could increase P concentration of shoot in summer and K concentration in autumn significantly. Both Glu and Gly significantly increased Ca and Fe concentration, but all the acids significantly decreased Zn concentration in summer. Gly increased Fe concentration, and Gly and Glu increased Zn concentration significantly, but Gln and Gly decreased Ca concentration and Gln decreased Zn concentration significantly in autumn.