从中国GNP与GDP差额看经济开放结构

Open Structure of Economy from the Difference between GNP and GDP of China

198 1— 2 0 0 2年 ,中国GNP(国民生产总值 )累计比GDP(国内生产总值 )少10 2 13 .5亿元 ,平均每年少 464 .3亿元。两者差额在波动中逐步扩大。造成这一差额的主要因素是来自国外的初次分配收入净额为负值 ,特别是来自国外的投资收益大大低于支付给国外的投资收益。它反映了中国经济开放结构中的两个问题 :一是中国对外投资大大少于引进外资 ,因而中国国民从国外获得收入的途径、来源和外国国民从中国获得收入的途径、来源极不对称 ;二是在中国的外商投资企业的分配结构过于向外方倾斜 ,外商投资企业对中国GNP的贡献大大低于对GDP的贡献。

From 1981 to 2002, Chinese total GNP is less than total GDP, the difference of both is 1021.35 billion yuan. Its primary cause is that total revenue from abroad is less than total expenditures, specifically, the income on investment from abroad is less than the one paid by China. This reflects two problems of the open structure of Chinese economy. First, foreign investment in China exceeded greatly Chinese investment abroad, it is very unsymmetrical that the ways and sources that Chinese residents gain revenue from abroad and foreign residents gain revenue from China. Second, the revenue gained by foreigner is more than the one gained by Chinese in foreign funded enterprises in China. The contribution of foreign funded enterprises to Chinese GNP is less than the one to GDP.