松江鲈鱼(Trachidermus fasciatus)胚胎发育的初步观察

Preliminary Study on Embryonic Development of the Roughskin Sculpin, Trachidermus fasciatus (Scorpaeniformes:Cottidae)

通过对上海松江鲈驯养繁育基地松江鲈鱼自然产卵受精及人工授精所得受精卵的群体试验观察 ,描述了受精卵的发育过程 .松江鲈鱼刚产出的卵为淡黄、橘黄、橘红和淡红色等多种颜色 .卵内有很多油球 ,显微镜下观察油球总是旋转到卵的上方 .卵为粘性卵 ,遇水很快粘结成块 .松江鲈鱼卵受精后 8～ 10h胚盘隆起 ,之后 1d内细胞多次分裂进入桑椹期 .在卵受精后第 1天和第 4天分别到达囊胚期和原肠期 .第 7天胚体的脑开始分化 .第 11天体节出现 .第 16天消化道已经形成 ,但不连通 .第 17天胚体已可在卵内活动 .受精卵在水温 13.7～ 16 .2℃下 2 3d即可破膜孵出 .同时对孵出 6d内的仔鱼进行了观察 .研究结果可为松江鲈鱼的大规模育苗生产提供必要的理论指导 .

Development of the catadromous roughskin sculpin, Trachidermus fasciatus , was described using eggs fertilized artificially in an aquarium and eggs self-fertilized in the roughskin sculpin-domesticating base in the Changxing Island, Shanghai. Newly-fertilized eggs were vivid such as yellow tints, orange, croci, red tints. In the eggs there were many small oil globules. During observation of the eggs, oil globules were on the top of the eggs due to lighter weight than water. Newly-fertilized eggs were glutinous, which became nubbly quickly when meeting water. Blastoderm appeared in 8-10 h after impregnation. And multi-cells arrived in 1 d. Blastula and gastrulae arrived 1 and 4 d after fertilization. Brain was differentiated 7 d after fertilization.Many myomeres were observed 11 d after fertilization. Enteron came out but was not linked 16 d after fertilization.Movement was observed in the eggs 17 d after fertilization. Hatching occurred 23 d after fertilization at 13.7～16.2 ℃. And the larval were observed in 6 d. The present study would be usefulfor industrial breeding of the roughskin sculpin.