磨料流加工中夹具设计的研究

STUDY ON DESIGN OF ABRASIVE FLOW MACHINING FIXTURE

磨料流加工 (AFM)是光整加工领域的一项新技术。磨料流加工由磨料流加工机床 ,夹具和流体磨料三部分组成。当用磨料流加工形状较复杂的零件时 ,夹具设计的好坏对表面加工质量和加工效率有重要的影响。本文分析了磨料通过工件孔道的特性。介绍了用于研究材料去除量与加工距离和形状关系的实验。材料去除量在通道两端比中间小是磨料流加工的一基本特性。本文讨论了如何避免因此而产生的工件变形以及如何利用这一特性来获取某种特殊效果。最后 ,给出了一个用于加工某不锈钢三通体的夹具。

Abrasive flow machining (AFM) is a nontraditional finishing technology used to improve surface quality of machining part. Abrasive flow machine, fixture and abrasive mixture are three most important parts in AFM. The quality and consistency of the machined surface and the machining efficiency are affected largely by the fixture when a complex workpiece is polished with AFM. In this paper the characteristic of the abrasive flow through the hole passage of workpiece is analyzed. An experiment on material removal amount with the cutting distance and shape of passage is described. That the removal amount in the middle is smaller than that at the ends is one basic character in AFM. How to use AFM to obtain special effect and how to avoid the deformation of the machined workpiece are discussed in this paper. At the end, a fixture of stainless three way tube polished by AFM is given as an example of fixture design.