淮北砂姜黑土钾肥对生姜增产效应的研究

EFFECT OF POTASSIUM APPLICATION ON GINGER YIELD RESPONSE IN SHAJIANG BLACK SOIL IN HUAIBEI PLAIN

1999～2001年在淮北平原砂姜黑土地区,连续3年多点试验研究结果表明:增施K肥对生姜产量及品质都有明显的正效应,姜块产量提高15.3%～58.4%,平均增产率为29.8%.K肥的增产效率在2种N肥水平下都较高,高N水平下增加K肥施用量可以极大地提高K肥的增产效率.生姜单位K肥的增产量与土壤K素含量及施K量呈显著负相关,淮北砂姜黑土地区,生姜K肥适宜施用量为K2O 375～450 kg/hm2.施用K肥能有效提高生姜维生素C与可溶性糖分含量,显著降低硝酸盐含量,改善姜块的内在品质,大幅度提高种植生姜的经济效益.3年4地试验,平均增收7946～11065元/hm2,施用K肥的产投比为10.4～22.2:1.

A three year multi-point field experiment from 1999 to 2001 was conducted at six sites of Shajiang black soil in the Huaibei plain. The results showed that the crop of ginger responded positively to Potassium application in both yield and quality. The yield of ginger increased by 15.3 % ~ 58.4 % with an average rate of 29.8 %. The yield increasing effect of Potassium fertilizer was quite high with two rates of Nitrogen application. Coupled with a high rate of N, increased Potassium application rate may show higher yield increasing effect. A notable negative relationship between increase institute yield of ginger tuber per kg K2O applied and soil K content and K application rate was observed. The proper Potassium application rate for ginger was 375 ~ 450 kg K2O/hm2 in the Shajiang black soil region of the Huaibei plain. Potassium fertilizer application could effectively enhance the content of Vitamin C and soluble sugar and reduce nitrate content in ginger tuber conspicuously, resulting in improvement of inner quality, and raising economic benefit of growing ginger substantially. For the experiments conducted at the four sites in the three years, the income was increased by 7946 ~ 11065 Yuan/hm2 averagely, and the value cost ratio for Potassium application was 10.4 ~ 22.2:1