特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿出血的观察及护理

Observation and nursing of hemorrhage in infant idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

通过对38例特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿出血的观察及护理,认为密切观察患儿神志、生命体征、皮肤出血点的增减及有无内出血征象等病情变化极为重要。护理人员平时多巡视、细观察,经常与患儿家人沟通交流,及时发现病情变化,并采取相应的处理。做好出血护理,加强颅内出血和消化道出血的护理,预防颅内出血,观察其先兆是护理抢救的关键。做好出院指导,教导家长和患儿正确识别出血征象,避免外伤,定期回医院复查。

Through observing and nursing 38 infants with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, the author held it was key to closely observe the changes in infant consciousness, vital signs, hemorrhagic spots in skin and signs of internal hemorrhage. Unlike adults, infants, unable to express, depended on nurse's frequent inspections, close observation, regular communication with their families to find out the changes of disease and thus take relevant measures. The key for nursing rescue lies in hemorrhage care, enhancement of caring intracranial hemorrhage and hemorrhage in digestive tract, prevention of intracranial hemorrhage and observation of the aura. Besides, it is also important to conduct discharge instrnction, teach parents and infants to identify the signs of hemorrhage in a correct way and avoid wounds and invite them back for periodical re-examination.