大气痕量气体测量的光谱学和化学技术

Measurement of atmospheric trace gases by spectroscopic and chemical techniques

简略评论了大气痕量气体测量的光谱学和化学技术。光谱技术方面重点介绍差分光学吸收光谱(DOAS)、差分吸收激光雷达(DIAL)、傅里叶变换红外光谱学(FTIR)和可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱(TD-LAS),化学测量技术介绍色谱、质谱和色-质联用技术、化学发光测量技术、基体分离和电子自旋共振技术以及超声膨胀技术等,并对宽带光谱测量、光谱技术之间、光谱技术与化学技术之间的联用趋势,以及仪器的小型化趋势作了展望。

Recent developrments of the spectroscopic and chemical techniques used most frequently for the measurements of atmospheric trace gases were reviewed, with the emphasis on the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), the differential absorption Li-dar (DIAL), the Fourier transform spectrometer(FTS) and the tunable-diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS). The chemical techniques involved the gas chromatograph, mass spectrometer and their combination, the chemoluminescent methods, the matrix isolation and electron spin resonance as well as gas supersonic expansion and laser induced fluorescence, etc.. The wide range spectroscopic measurements, the combination of spectroscopic and chemical technologies as well as the trends of instrument miniaturization were disscussed as the potential technologies in the future.