光敏小麦雄性不育系A31的育性变异及遗传研究

Research on fertility variation and genetic characters of photoperiod-sensitive wheat male sterile line (A31)

通过不同生态点的育性试验,观察了光敏小麦雄性不育系A31的育性变异,并结合各试验点的光温条件,分析了A31在7个不同生态点的自交结实率。结果表明,A31雄性育性随日长增加有明显的下降趋势,日长是影响其育性的主导因素,在相近日长条件下,温度对A31育性也有一定的影响;A31育性转换的临界日长约为14.5h。对光敏雄性不育系A31与恢复系1376杂交F2分离群体育性的研究表明,582株F2分离群体的平均结实率为42.16%,变异范围为0～86.67%,由于受异源胞质的影响,F2群体中可育株的平均自交结实率低于恢复系1376的平均结实率。卡方测验表明,F2群体的育性分离符合1对基因的分离比例,所以A31光敏育性可能是由1对基因所控制。

Through observing fertile changes of A31 by the fertility experiments in 7 different ecological areas,the result showed that the male fertility of A31 would decline when the day length became shorter.The day length is the major cause of fertile changes of A31.The male fertility of A31 is also sensitive to the temperature.The critical day-length of fertile changes of A31 is about 14.5 hours.The fertility of F_2 segregating population from the cross A31×1376was studied,it showed that the average fruition ratio was 42.16% of total of 582 segregating populations,the scopes of variation was 0-86.67%.Through chi-square tests of fertility in F_2 segregating population,the proportion of complete sterile plants and fertile plants was 3∶1,then the photo-sensitive fertility might be controlled mainly by a pair of genes.