医学新生对“非典”认知和应对行为的调查分析

KAP towards Infectious Atypical Pneumonia among Freshmen of Medical College

目的 了解医科大学新生对“非典”的认知和应对行为。方法 应用单纯整群抽样的方法 ,选取广州医学院从化学院 2 0 0 3级大学入学新生为研究对象。结果 共调查 5 60人。 95 %的调查对象对“非典”疫情表示高度关注。 77 5 %调查对象认为该疾病是由病毒引起的 ,81 2 %、 78 9%的同学分别认为该病很难治疗、会遗留后遗症 ,1 3 4%的调查对象认为近距离接触“非典”患者不会被传染。在“非典”流行期间 ,调查对象大多采取了政府、专业技术部门及学校推荐的预防措施以及还没有足够证据证明有效的预防措施 ,但“非典”对被调查对象也产生了一定程度的心理压力。结论 部分调查对象对该疾病的病原体、临床特点、流行病学特征缺乏认识 ,建议医学院校今后加强传染病学和精神卫生的教育。

Objective To investigate the KAP towards infectious atypical pneumonia among freshmen of medical college. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 560 freshmen. 319 males and 241 females, with an average age of 20.5, 57.1% majoring in clinical medicine, 21.4% majoring in nursing, 13.9% majoring in laboratory examination, and 7.6% majoring in anesthesia, 55.0% being of rural origin, 45.0% of urban origin,selected by simple cluster sampling. Results 95% of the respondents showed their deep concern to the epidemic of infectious atypical pneumonia. 77.5% of them believed infectious atypical pneumonia is caused by virus. 71.2% of them considered it is difficult to treat infectious atypical pneumonia, and 78.9% of them believed it might leave consequences,13.4% of them did not believe that the disease can be communicated by at a short distance. Most of them took the preventive measures suggested by the government and school authority. About half of the respondents felt psychological stress at different degrees. The reason of registration for the entrance examination to medical college was, consideration of control of disease including infectious atypical pneumonia among 75.5% of the respondents. Conclusion A certain proportion of the freshmen have knowledge of infectious atypical pneumonia and adopt the correct attitudes and practice. However, their KAP towards infectious atypical pneumonia remain to be improved.