小麦散装粮堆昆虫群落组成及结构分析

A Analysis of Insect Group Component and Its Structure in Bulk Wheat

本文报道了小麦散装粮堆昆虫群落的组成和结构。利用粮虫陷井检测器检测,共获得432个检测样。据捕获储粮昆虫及螨类初步分类统计,当年入库小麦散装粮堆仓库昆虫计有13种,优势种群为玉米象,占捕获总虫量的87.5%,次要种类有麦蛾、书虱、腐嗜酪螨、麦蛾萝蜂。本文还报道了仓虫群落昼夜活动动态,垂直分布及种间相互关系。根据 Shannon—Wiener(1949)关于测量多样性及均匀度公式:多样性指数 H′=-sum from i=1 to S P_iI_nP_l,均匀度J′=H′/(I_nS)测量了仓虫均匀度 J′,多样性指数 H′。研究结果表明,小麦散装粮堆50—100厘米和100—150厘米粮堆区间,仓虫群落均匀度和多样性较高,说明小麦散装粮堆中部区域仓虫群落组成相对稳定。

This paper studied the composition and heap structure of insect community in bulk—storedwheat.432 samples of wheat were tested with trap detectors at the depth of 0—50cm,50—100cm,100—150cm and 250—200cm respectively and a diel record form 7:00—12:00,13:00—18:00,19:00—24:00and 1:00—6:00was taken respectively.The results indicated that there were 13 species of storedgrain insects,the dominant species was Sitophilus zeamais(Motsch.),in the amount of 87.5% ofinsects captured.The minor species were Sitotroga cerealella(Olivet),Troctes divinatorius Mull.,Tyrophagus putrescetiae(Schrank)and Microbracon hebetor Say etc.The study showed the dynamic cha-racteristics of insect community in a diel cycle,the vertical distribution and the interspecific associationof stored grain insect species.The evenness(J′)and diversity indices(H′)measured were based on thediversity indices models by Shannon—Wiener(1949):Ⅱ′=-sum from i=1 to S PilnPi and J′=(H′)/(lnS)The J′ and H′ showed that the insect quantities in those heaps form 50 to 100 cm and 100 to 150cm indepth were grester then the insect quantities form 0—50 cm and 150 to 200 cm in depth.It showedthat those middle heaps preserved the relative stable inse(?)t community in the b(?)k—stored wheat.