纺织用天然竹纤维的结构和热性能

STRUCTURE AND THERMAL BEHAVIOR OF NATURAL BAMBOO FIBERS FOR TEXTILE PURPOSES

采用SEM、FT-IR、WAXD、TG和DSC等分析方法对纺织用天然竹纤维的结构和热性能进行了表征,并与普通棉纤维进行了比较。研究结果表明:天然竹纤维截面呈扁平状,无皮芯层结构,纤维中间具有孔洞,纵向存在沟槽,横向有枝节;由竹材提取竹纤维的工艺未改变天然竹纤维的结晶结构属性,其结晶变体属于纤维素Ⅰ,由WAXD测定的结晶度和由FT-IR获得的结晶指数比棉纤维高;天然竹纤维的热稳定性和热降解机理与棉纤维相同,但在氮气中热裂解的吸热量和在空气中热降解的放热量低于棉纤维,这与其分子链间氢键作用的强度较大有关。

The morphological,crystalline structure and thermal behavior of natural bamboo fibers for textile purposes were characterized by SEM,FT-IR,WAXD,TG and DSC analyses in comparison to cotton.Oblate pore space in the flat section of natural bamboo fibers and some aperture in their surface layer were observed,but no sheath-core structure was found in their section.Our analysis data showed that the procedure of extracting bamboo fibers from bamboo did not change the crystalline feature(celluloseⅠ) of bamboo fibers,but their degree of crystallization from WAXD and crystallinity index from FT-IR were higher than those of cotton.Thermal stability property and decomposition mechanism of natural bamboo fibers were the same as those of cotton,whereas they exhibited slightly lower heat-(absorption) and heat-release than cotton when decomposed under nitrogen and air respectively due to the stronger (hydrogen) bonding interaction between their molecular chains.