仿酶催化脱木质素研究进展

PROGRESS IN RESEARCHES OF BIOMIMETIC DELIGNIFICATION

综述了目前金属配合物仿酶催化脱木质素的研究现状及发展趋势,着重评价了卟啉类和非卟啉类金属配合物作为木质素氧化降解的仿酶催化剂的效果,对金属配合物仿酶催化脱木质素技术的应用前景进行了展望。金属卟啉配合物由于在相对温和的条件下具有较高的催化活性而受到瞩目。氯代铁卟啉由于氯原子对卟啉骨架环的保护作用而十分稳定,表现出高活性及可循环性。卟啉中心金属离子的种类也对脱木质素的催化活性产生影响。由于金属卟啉配合物的成本较高,因而给实际应用带来一定困难。非卟啉金属配合物如金属酞菁、Gif体系、希夫碱等,由于具有较高的催化活性和选择性以及易于合成等特点正倍受关注。

The research status and development trend of biomimetic delignification catalyzed by metal complexes were reviewed.Effects of porphyrins and nonporphyrins metal complexes used as biomimetic catalysts for delignification were evaluated.The application perspective of biomimetic delignification catalyzed by metal complexes was also prospected.Metalloporphyrins complexes had attracted much interest because of their high catalytic activity under (relatively) mild conditions.Chlorinated iron porphyrins were very stable because of the protective effect of chlorine (atoms) on porphyrins skeleton rings and showed high activity and reproducibility.The kinds of central metal ions of porphyrins also influenced the catalytic activity of delignification.Metalloporphyrins complexes are difficult to be used in practice because of their high cost.Nonporphyrins metal complexes such as metallophthalocyanines,Gif systems,Shiff-base complexes,etc.are being paid more attention due to their high catalytic activity,selectivity and easy synthesis.