温湿度及密度对印鼠客蚤规范化养殖综合影响的研究

Effacts of Temperature, Humidity and density on the Standardized Cultivation of Xenopsylla cheopis in Laboratory

本研究采用正交设计方法,对室内人工离体养殖的印鼠客蚤,观察了温,湿度及密度对卵的孵化率、幼期成长率、发育速率及蚤的质量(包括蚤体重、寿命及产卵量)的综合影响;并确定了主要影响因素与最佳条件的理论值。根据所得结果,提出了规范化养殖该蚤的最佳方案为室温25℃;相对湿度;幼期、成蚤和卵期分别为75%、85%和90%;适宜的幼虫密度为20条/ml饲料。

The orthogonal design and relevant statistical analyses were employed to evaluate the effects of various factors including temperature, humidity and density on egg hatching, immatural development and cultivation qualities. involving the weights of both adult and larvae, adult longevity and fecundity, of Xenopsylla cheopis in laboratory. The results showed that the temperatrure acted as amajor factor conditioning the immatural development and adult weight, the humidity was responsible mainly for egg hatching, immatural survivorship and adult longevity, and the density threw an effect principally on larval weight and adult fecundity. The theoretical optima obtained were: for egg hatching, 28℃, 95% RH; for immature development, 28℃, 75%RH and 20 larvae/ml medium; for weights, 22℃, 85%RH and 20 larvae/ml medum; and for longevity, 22℃, 85% RH and 60 larvae/ml medium; and for fecundity, 28℃, 85% RH and 20 larvae/ml medium. Based on the optima mentioned above, a comprehensive condition, i.e. 25℃, 75%, 85% or 90%RH (for larvae, adults and eggs, respectively) and a density of 20 larvae/ml medium, should be recommended for the cultivation of X. cheopis in laboratory.