复合微生物肥对植物土传病原真菌的抑制作用

Antagonism of Complex Microbial Fertilizer and Functional Actinomycetes Against Soil-Borne Plant Pathogenic Fungi

测定了两株链霉菌R 1、R 2及其分别与有机肥配制的两种复合微生物肥料对几种植物病原真菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的影响。R 1对草莓灰霉病菌、棉花黄萎病菌、棉花枯萎病菌的抑菌圈直径分别是 2 7、1 4和 2 1cm ,对孢子萌发的抑制率分别是 4 6 %、1 9%和 1 1 % ;R 2对以上 3种病菌的抑菌圈直径分别是 3 1、1 2和 1 7cm ,对孢子萌发的抑制率分别是 4 2 %、1 2 %和 4 %。苗期人工接种试验表明 ,一号复合微生物肥料对棉花黄萎病、油菜菌核病的抑制率分别为 2 8 0 %、4 1 9% ,二号肥分别为 72 0 %、97 2 %。

The antagonism of two kinds of complex microbial fertilizers and their main functional actinomycetes R-1 (Streptomyces jinggangensis) and R-2 (Streptomyces sp.) were determined and analyzed by testing their effects on hyphal growth and spore germination of several kinds of soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi.Results showed that the diameters of inhibition zone of R-1against Botrytis cinerea, Verticillium albo-atrum and Fusarium oxysporum were 2.7cm, 1.4cm and 2.1cm respectively, while those of R-2 against the same plant pathogenic fungi were 3.1 cm, 1.2 cm and 1.7 cm. Spore germination of B. cinerea, V. albo-atrum and F. oxysporum were inhibited by 46%, 19% and 11% by R-1, respectively. Whereas those were 42%, 12% and 4% by R-2, respectively. To seedlings planted in mixture of infested and the two tested complex microbial fertilizers, incidence of cotton Verticillium wilt was decreased by 28% and 72% respectively, the incidence of rape sclerotial blight decreased by 41.9% and 97.2%.