玛纳斯河流域绿洲农业弃耕地生态重建的研究

Studies on Ecosystem Reconstruction of Agriculture Wasteland in Oasis of Manasi River

玛纳斯河流域冲积洪积扇的扇缘地带、冲积平原、干三角洲等地下水位高,含盐重的部位,解放后进行了现代机械技术的大规模开垦,但仍然沿用传统的大水压盐(种稻压盐)、大水漫灌技术,打破了正常的水盐平衡。到20世纪70年代至80年代初酿成大范围的土壤次生盐渍化危害,大面积弃耕。后经用机械开挖排渠,实行井灌、井排建设水源地开发水土资源,进行渠系防渗及推广膜下滴灌节水等一整套现代技术,建成了现代水盐平衡系统,用现代水土开发技术收复弃耕地,开垦夹荒地,实现了生态重建、经济发展和社会进步,走上了农业可持续发展的道路。

There are high underground water level and contains heavy salt in edge,flood plain and delta of Manasi river,especially after liberation,it has been opened up by modern machine technique,but methods had broken the normal water-salt equilibrium,still using the traditional technique of repelling salt(growing rice to press the salt)and watering technique.Unti1 1980s 20 century,it brought the large scope secondary salt danger and the big area leaving farmland.Because of adopting modern technique of irrigating with well,anti-leaking and trickle irrigation,it has set up modern water-salt equilibrium system and realizing ecosystem rebuilding.