论人的需要

On the Content of Man's Needs

人作为自然、社会、精神三位一体的存在物 ,同时具有自然、社会、精神三种不同的需要。人的自然需要是维持人的生命存在的生物需要、生理需要 ,包括物质生活需要、性生活需要、健康和安全需要 ;人的社会需要即人对社会的需要 ,包括人与人的相互依存需要、人际交往需要和劳动合作需要 ;人的精神需要包括认知需要、情感需要和意志需要三个方面。其中 ,认知需要包括求真、向善、爱美的需要 ;情感需要是人对积极、愉悦情感的渴望和追求以及对消极、忧郁情感的克除和消解 ;意志需要即对良好意志品质的需要。

As the embodiment of nature, society and spirit, man has natural, social and spiritual needs. Natural need is the biological need and physiological need including people's lives, include material need, sexual need, health and safety need; social need is what man demands from the society, including interdependent need, communicative need and cooperative need; spiritural need includes cognitive need, emotional need and will need. Among them, cognitive need refers to the need for the true, the good and the beautiful; emotional need is the process of longing and seeking for positive, delighted feelings, at the same time overcoming and removing passive, sad feelings; will need is the demand for the quality of good will.