CPPU对苦瓜(Momordica charantia L.)单性结实的诱导作用及其机理的研究

Studies on parthenocarpic induction of CPPU in Momordica charantia L.

以中熟南山大白苦瓜为材料,研究了外源细胞分裂素活性物质CPPU对苦瓜单性结实的诱导作用和CPPU对苦瓜果实内源激素水平的调控,50mg L-1CPPU于花前3d处理,可引起苦瓜子房不正常开花(如花瓣绿色或边缘为绿色,花瓣小、厚、硬、粗糙;柱头干燥、光滑、绿色等)或盲花,使苦瓜子房不能正常受粉或受粉失败,从而形成无籽的苦瓜果实;CPPU处理提高了子房内源GA、IAA水平,是CPPU处理引起受粉失败或不能正常受粉的子房仍然能正常座果并生长发育形成无籽果实的重要原因,同时CPPU处理对内源CTK水平具有抑制作用,对其机制的探讨具有十分重要的意义。

N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea(forchlorfunuron,CPPU),a newly developed plant growth regulator,had a higher cytokine activity than any other adenine-type cytokines,such as BA,KT,Zeatin and etc.When 50mg·L^(-1)CPPU was applied to the ovary of Momordica charantia L. 3 days before anthesis,parthenocarpic fruit development was dramatically induced,and the seed number in parthenocarpic fruit was reduced by 91.8?%.Moreover,ovary treated with 50 mg·L^(-1)CPPU 3 days before anthesis was caused abnormal flower or blind flower,which resulted from the effects of CPPU on the levels of endogenous GA and IAA in the ovary of M.charantia.Because CPPU caused a very low endogenous CTK levels and promoted a high endogenous IAA,GA and ABA levels when ovary was treated at 3 days before anthesis,CPPU could induce parthenocarpic in Momordica charantia L.by regulating the endogenous IAA,GA and ABA levels.