3～6岁儿童立体视发育、屈光状态和弱视的调查

A investigation of children's stereopsis and refraction and amblyopia

目的 通过对一所幼儿园全体儿童的眼部体检 ,了解我市幼儿园儿童弱视患病情况、屈光状态和立体视发育情况 ,为制定群体防治措施提供科学依据。方法 共查 181例 (36 2只眼 ) ,用标准对数视力表检查视力 ,Titm us和 Frisby立体视板分别检查立体视 ,Topcon- 710 0型验光仪行小瞳电脑验光 ,眼位检查 ,美多丽 - P眼药水散瞳检影验光 ,并行眼科常规检查 ,了解有无器质性病变。结果 弱视患病率为 4 2 .3% ,其中可疑弱视为 70 .31% ;Titm us平均立体视为 85 .89S,Frisby平均立体视为 81.5 2 S,随着年龄的增长 ,立体视的发育也渐趋成熟 ;平均电脑验光球镜度数 +0 .882 3D,平均检影验光等效球镜度数为 +1.72 31D,二者呈正相关 (r =0 .784 )。结论 3～ 6岁儿童的立体视正处于发育的敏感期 ;Topcon- 710 0型电脑验光仪可作为普查工具 ;定期对幼儿进行斜视弱视普查 ,尤其是结合屈光状态和立体视的检查 ,是发现弱视的关键。

Objective Through investigating the examination of all children's eye health of a kindergarten,try to know the growth of children's stereopsis and refraction and the prevalence rate of amblyopia.Methods One hundred and eighty one cases 362 eyes,first,the examination of vision was done by the standard logarithm visual acuity chart and the examination of stereopsis was done by Titmus and Frisby;secondly,for optometry,Topcon-7100 automatic optometry instrument was used,and retinoscopy under the paralyzed ciliary muscles by Mydrin-P next;thirdly,the ophthalmology routine examination was done by split lamp and funduscope.Results The prevalence rate of amblyopia is 42.3%,thereinto the suspicious is 70.31%;the average stereopsis used by Titmus is 85.89S,and Frisby is 81.52S.Increase along with the age,the growth of stereopsis is too gradually mature;the average power was examinated by Topcon-7100 automaatic optometry instrument is +0.8823D,and the retinoscopy is +1.7231D.Two reports are positive correlation(r=0.784).Conclusion The stereopsis of 3～6 years old children is placed in the growth of sensitive period.Topcon-7100 automatic optometry instrument can be used as the census tool.Periodically to proceed the amblyopia census to infants,particularly combinative with retinoscopy and stereopsis,is a key to discovers amblyopia.