微波辐射烟杆氯化锌法制造活性炭工艺

Technology for preparing activated carbon from tobacco stems with zinc chloride solution impregnated by microwave irradiation

提出了利用烟杆废料制造活性炭的新工艺。采用正交试验法对影响活性炭性能的因素 ,如微波辐射的功率、辐射时间、氯化锌浓度等进行了系统研究 ,得到了最佳工艺条件 :微波辐射功率 750 W,辐射时间 7min,氯化锌浓度为 50 % ,利用该工艺条件所制备活性炭的产率为 34.7% ,亚甲蓝脱色力为 1 7m L / 0 .1 g,碘吸附值为 1 0 93.4 mg/ g。对比该活性炭与市售一级活性炭的微观结构 ,发现其具有更发达的微观孔隙结构。同传统方法相比 ,微波辐射法缩短了工艺时间 ,提高了产品性能。

The present paper aims to introduce a new technology for preparing activated carbon from tobacco stems with zinc chloride solution impregnated by microwave irradiation. In the process pf preparing the new technology, the author has been systematically studied the factors involving the influence on the properties of activated carbon, such as microwave irradiation power, irradiation time, the concentration of zinc chloride solution, etc. via orthogonal experiments. Electron probe and micro-analyzer are characteristic of the microstructures to be studied. Through primary study of the reaction mechanism of activated carbon preparation, the best technology has been obtained as follows: microwave irradiation power is 750 watts while the irradiation time is 7 minutes with the concentration of zinc chloride solution being 50%. Thus, the experimental results have shown that the yield of the activated carbon was 34.7% when the decolorizing power for methylene blue reached 17 mL/0.1g and the value of iodine adsorption was 1 093.4 mg/g. The microstructure of the activated carbon proves to have a better microporous structure compared with that of first-graded activated carbon from market. Four stages, i.e. preheating, drying, carbonization and activation in conventional process can be finished only in 7 min under the microwave irradiation, which helps to shorten the processing time and enhance the product quality.