聚丙烯胺肟螯合纤维的辐射合成及其对Pb(Ⅱ)离子的吸附性能

Radiation synthesis of polypropylene amidoxime chelate fibre and its adsorption properties for Pb(Ⅱ) ions

采用预辐照接枝法,在空气或氮气气氛下利用电子束对聚丙烯纤维进行辐照。然后,将样品置于4种不同溶剂(水、甲醇、正丁醇、10%甲醇水溶液)的丙烯腈溶液体系中进行接枝反应,并通过与盐酸羟胺溶液反应,引入胺肟基团,获得一种机械性能较好的偕胺肟螯合纤维(PPAO)。最后浸于硝酸铅标准溶液中,测定其对铅的吸附量。结果表明,接枝率与预辐照气氛、反应温度、反应液体积、单体浓度都有密切关系。聚丙烯纤维在水溶液和10%甲醇水溶液中接枝率较高。当纤维在空气中预辐照,丙烯腈单体体积浓度为30%,温度为70℃时,聚丙烯纤维的接枝率最高,对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附容量为0.362mg/g(纤维)。

Polypropylene amidoxime (PPAO) chelate fibre is synthesized by pre-irradiation graft polymerization and amidoximation. Influences of irradiation atmosphere, type of solvent, solution volume and monomer concentra- tion on degree of grafting were studied. Experimental results show that higher degree of grafting could be achieved by irradiating the PPAO finres in air at 70oC and grafting the samples in a monomer solution of 30% acrylonitrile in concentration solved in water or 10% methol aqueous solution. Adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) by the grafted PPAO was tested, and Pb(Ⅱ) adsorption capacity of 0. 362 mg per gram of the fibre (dry weight) could be obtained.