安徽省加速麻疹控制前后健康人群血清流行病学分析

Analysis on Measles Antibody Level in Healthy Population before and after Accelerated Measles Control in Anhui Province

为评价开展麻疹疫苗 (MV)强化免疫等加速麻疹控制措施的效果 ,分别在加速麻疹控制前后随机选择 11个县和 8个县开展健康人群麻疹抗体水平监测 ,用血凝抑制 (HI)试验检测麻疹抗体。结果表明 :加速麻疹控制后 1～2 9岁健康人群麻疹抗体阳性率由加速麻疹控制前的 92 96 %上升到 96 5 8% ,抗体几何平均滴度倒数 (GMRT)由18 11上升到 2 5 18;加速麻疹控制前 ,3～ 14岁人群麻疹抗体的GMRT随年龄的增长而降低 ,加速麻疹控制后 ,除3岁和≥ 15岁人群外 ,其余年龄组人群的GMRT均显著高于加速麻疹控制前 ,但 3岁GMRT仍最低 ;男女性别之间麻疹抗体阳性率和GMRT差异均无显著的统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;加速麻疹控制前后 ,均有部分县GMRT处于较低水平。开展MV强化免疫和加强MV的复种能迅速提高相应人群的抗体水平 ,是有效控制麻疹的措施 ,建议在 1 5～ 3岁儿童中增加接种 1剂MV ,加强麻疹血清流行病学监测 ,预防薄弱地区和薄弱人群中麻疹爆发。

To evaluate the effect of accelerated measles control strategies,the surveillance of measles antibody of healthy population had been conducted in 11 and 8 counties before and after accelerated measles control respectively. 1065 and 1637 serum samples were collected from 1-29 year old healthy population to test for measles IgG antibody with HI assay. The results showed that the mealsles IgG positive ate increased from 92.96% to 96.58% and GMRT increased from 18.11 to 25.18 after accelerated measles control.The GMRT of the population aged 3-14 years declined year by year before accelerated measles control.After accelerated measles control,the GMRTs of other age groups were higher than before,except the population aged 3 years and ≥15 years.The GMRT of the children aged 3 years was still the lowest among all age groups.There were no difference in measles IgG positive rates and GMRTs among male and female.The GMRTs in some counties were still low before and after accelerated measles control.The strategies of accelerated measles control in Anhui Province are effective in improving measles antibody level of healthy population and controlling measles.We suggest that children of 1.5-3 years old should be immunized with one booster dose of measles vaccine.The serological surveillance on measles should be strengthened to prevent measles outbreak in backward areas and among susceptible population.