农业地区人群恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率与环境中农药暴露的生态学研究

Were Cancer Morbidity and Mortality in Agricultural Area Associated with Environmental Pesticide Exposure

目的 分析农业人群恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率与环境中农药暴露之间是否有关联。方法 收集沈阳市苏家屯区、东陵区、于洪区、新城子区、辽中县、新民县等郊区、县 1990 - 2 0 0 0年不同种类农药使用量、农作物播种面积和 1998-2 0 0 0年分性别的鼻咽癌、食管癌、胃癌、结直肠肛门癌、肝癌、肺癌、膀胱癌、白血病等主要恶性肿瘤 (女性包括乳腺癌和子宫颈癌 )发病率和死亡率资料 ,以农药使用密度为自变量 ,以分性别、分部位的恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率为因变量 ,使用 SPSS10 .0统计软件进行等级相关和线性回归分析 ,以 P≤ 0 .0 5为检验水平。结果 发病率和死亡率均与相同种类农药使用密度相关 ,有显著性的是胃癌与除草剂 ,相关系数均为 0 .94 3;男性食管癌、胃癌与农药平均使用密度的相关系数分别为 0 .82 9,0 .94 3和 0 .82 9,0 .94 3;男性肝癌与除草剂的相关系数分别为 0 .886 ,0 .82 9;女性胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌与除草剂的相关系数分别为 0 .94 3,0 .94 3,0 .82 9和 1.0 0 0 ,0 .94 3,0 .886 ;女性白血病与杀菌剂的相关系数分别为 0 .82 9,0 .94 3。其中除草剂与胃癌、男性肝癌、女性胃癌、肺癌的回归分析有显著性意义。结论 胃癌、男性肝癌、女性肺癌与使用除草剂有显著关联。

Objective To confirm whether cancer morbidity or mortality associates with environmental pesticide exposure in agricultural area.Methods Data of sex,site-specific cancer morbidity or mortality were obtained from Routine Annual Cnacer Reports in CDC of Shenyang,China.Data of class-specific pesticide usage and the crop area in agricultural area were collected from Agricultural Survey Division of Shenyang Statistical Bureau.Regarding use density of the class-specific pesticide as independent variable,while sex and site-specific cancer morbidity or mortality as dependent variable,the correlation and regression between cancer morbidity or mortality as dependent variable,the correlation and regression between cancer morbidity or mortality and pesiticde use density were analyzed by the SPSS software.Significant level is P ≤0.05 in two-tails.Results The significant positive correlation is observed between herbicide and total stomach cancer morbidity and mortality,repsectively,both correlation coefficients were 0.943. Both morbidity and mortality of esophagus and stomach cancer in male were significant relative to average pesticides density;correlation coefficients were 0.886,0.943,0.943,0.829 and 0.829,1.000,0.943,0.886,respectively.The significant correlations were also found between herbicide and mortality of liver cancer in male,stomach,lung and breast cancers in female,their correlation coefficients were 0.829,and 0.943,0.829,0.943,respectively.Leukemia in female was associated with fungicides and its correlation coefficients were 0.829 and 0.943,respectively.Among significant correlation relations above,both morbidity and mortality of total stomach cancer,liver cancer in male and stomach & lung cancers in female had significant regression with herbicides.Conclusions The morbidity or mortality of stomach cancer was associated with herbicides.Both liver cancer in male and lung cancer in female were related with herbicides.