表见证明若干问题研究

On Several Problems in Primary-face Proof

学术界传统观点认为 ,按有无法律上的规定推定可以分为法律推定和事实推定。实际上 ,事实推定作为一种事实认定的方法 ,同法律推定作为一种推定有着一些深层次的不同 ,并非只是有无法律规定的问题。为此建议用大陆法系上的“表见证明”的概念来取代“事实推定”,并认为表见证明已不是严格意义上的推定 ,只是证明方法的一种。还初步就表见证明的前提、依据以及对其的限制进行了论述。

The traditional view in the academic circle classifies presumptions into legal presumption and actual presumption. In fact, factual presumption as a way of identification is greatly deferent from legal presumption. It is suggested that the concept 'primary-face proof' should be used to replace 'factual presumption'. Besides, Primary-face proof is not a presumption in a strict sense, but a way of identification. This paper also discusses the prerequisites, basis and restrictions of primary-face proof.