摘要
本文首次给出了晶格能效应的确切涵义,即对于同一族内不同元素的阳离子与同一种阴离子组成的离子化合物,它们相对于稳定单质的热力学稳定性往往是小阴离子与小阳离子组成的晶体最稳定;大阴离子与大阳离子组成的晶体最稳定。通过Born—Haber热化学循环法,得出了上述两种不同的热稳定性递变倾向主要是由于阴离子大小不同时,随阳离子半径递增,晶体的晶格能递减幅度不同造成的。晶格能效应是一个有用的经验规则,应用时注意它所定义的范围。
This paper first defines the lattice energy effect. By Born-Haber thermochemical cyclic method the paper obtains two different heat endurances and expresses their tapered tendency that the different heat endurances are caused by the different anions in size, the different cation radiuses in as cent and the different lattice energy in decreasing amplitude.Then the author interprets its thermodynamic foundation and applicable ranges.
关键词
晶格能效应
晶体
热力学稳定性
effect
lattice stability
ionic crystals
stability
alkali metal compound
alkaline earth metal
