清代西北地区的农业垦殖政策与生态环境变迁

Agricultural Reclamation Policy and Environmental Change in Northwest China in the Qing Dynasty

地处西北的陕甘青宁四省区和内蒙古的一小部分是历史上开发较早的地区 ,也是生态环境脆弱地带。清代不同阶段管理层采取的具有传统延续性的发展农业经济的垦殖政策及其实施 ,使这一地区的农牧业经济有了较大的发展 ,但也导致了这里原本脆弱的生态环境失衡。沙漠化加剧 ,水土流失加重 ,生产成本提高 ,投入加大 ,恶性循环 ,经济再度陷入贫困。为当时所认识不及的负面效应 。

Northwest China, including Shaanxi , Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and a portion of I nner Mongolian, was and that had been exploited agriculturally for many centurie s, It was also an area with a fragile environment On the one hand, reclamatio n and cultivation policy that were implemented and adopted at various levels of a dministration promoted economic development, On the other hand, these policies c aused imbalances in the environment: dramatic desertification, water and soil er osion, and increased production The economy fell into poverty again and a vici o us circle was formed between economy and environment Then this negative impact was not fully realized at the time and it should served as a lesson for contempo rary development