短时记忆的一生发展研究

Short-Term Memory Development in Life-span

短时记忆的发展一直是认知发展领域的一个重要课题。近年来一生发展的思想给短时记忆的发展研究又注入了新的内容。文章介绍了关于从婴儿到老年各个时期中短时记忆发展状况及其机制的研究进展。对短时记忆在一生发展中足否存在真正的容量变化、个体差异原因与发展变化原因的关系、短时记忆的一生发展过程等基本问题进行了讨论。

Short-term memory development is one of the most important topics in the field of cognitive development. In the life-span developmental perspective, the research on short-term memory development concerns the development not only in childhood, but also in adulthood. The present article reviews the advance of recent studies on short-term memory performance development and the underlying mechanisms. Several central issues on short-term memory development are discussed, including whether short-term memory capacity undergoes a true development in life-span, the relationship of the sources of individual differences and those of developmental differences, and the developmental course in life-span.