东大岗地区地下水资源开发利用规划

Exploitation and Utilization Planning of the Groundwater Resources in Dongdagang Area

南阳市东大岗地区山地面积占23%、岗地55%、平原22%,地下水资源分布很不均匀,人均拥有地下水可采资源86m3,山地、岗地缺水严重,出现了区域地下水位大幅度下降、水质变差等环境地质问题。随着人口的快速增长和工农业的发展,地下水开采量急剧增加,超采地下水严重,已出现了很严重的生态环境问题。为遏制过量开采地下水,达到可持续开发利用地下水并保护环境的目的,该文在分析现状地下水资源及开采量基础上,对每个水文地质单元中的浅层、深层地下水总量进行了开采潜力分析并做出了总体地下水开发利用规划,然后按照满足人畜用水、农田灌溉用水、工业用水的先后顺序,又做了专门性的地下水开发利用规划。对浅层地下水按照其总量可规划为4个区4个点,按人畜用水可规划为5个区,按农业灌溉可规划为5个区4个点;对深层地下水按照其总量可规划为5个区,除人畜用水外,深层地下水不得随意动用。在平原区,浅层地下水较为丰富,应采用可持续性原则合理开发利用。对山区、岗区缺水严重处,应采取回灌措施补给地下水。

The area of Dongdagang of Nanyang city, Henan province is 2 761km^2, of which 23%, 55% and 22% area is mountain, hillock and plain respectively. Annual recoverable mining groundwater is 9 877.66×10~4m^3 within Dongdagang. Shallow groundwater is 9 184.87×10~4m^3, of which 42.0%, 22.5% and 28.4% is distributed in mountain, hillock and plain areas, respectively, and the deep groundwater is (692.79×10~4m^3). The distribution of groundwater is not uniform. Overall groundwater exploitation amount is (6 639.68×10~4m^3) in 2000 and 66% shallow groundwater (22% in plain area and 44% in hillock )and 34% deep groundwater are exploited. The groundwater is so serious shortage in the rock and hillock area that the questions of geological circumstance (eg. water level fallen seriously and the water quality changed badly in the hillock) have happened. With the large increase of population and the development of industry and agriculture at the Dongdagang region in Nanyang, the amount of groundwater exploitation has rapidly increased and serious environment issues have occurred. To obtain the aim of environmental protection, sustainable exploitation and utilization of the groundwater, exploitation and utilization planning of the groundwater are established on the base of analysis of actual and potential amount of groundwater resource. First, the exploitation potential is analyzed to gross of shallow and deep groundwater of hydro-geological unit. Second, the planning is constituted by the early or late sequence of drinking water for human and livestock, agriculture irrigation water requirement and industrial water consumption. The planning of shallow groundwater is plotted four regions and four sites by the gross, five regions by the drinking water for human and livestock and five regions and four sites by agriculture irrigation water requirement. The added exploitative springs are distributed in Heilong, warm, Dasongzhuang and Yaowan springs. But the deep groundwater is plotted five regions by the gross and can not be abused except the drinking water for human and livestock. It suggests that groundwater in plain area (abundant groundwater) be exploited and used in sustainable perspective and the groundwater of rock and hillock areas (seriously shortage groundwater) are filled by artificial recharge of groundwater.