施肥与设施栽培措施对土壤微生物区系的影响

Effects of fertilization and protected soil planting on soil microflora

微生物肥料的施用能显著增加土壤中放线菌的数量,而降低细菌和霉菌的数量;施用有机肥对土壤微生物有较大的影响,其中,有机肥与无机肥,有机肥与生物肥配合施用的影响尤为明显,与对照相比,土壤中细菌数量分别增加109.8%和405.0%,放线菌数量分别增加320.3%和215.0%,而真菌数量分别降低44.0%和47.2%。大棚栽培条件下土壤微生物数量高于露地;在大棚中,种植年限长的土壤微生物数量低于种植年限短的。

This paper analyses the influences of different fertilizers and protected soil planting measure on soil microflora. The results show that soil actinomycetes number was increased with the using of microbial fertilizer, amount of bacteria and mould was reduced. The using of manure had quite important influences on soil microbial, but the fertilizer practices of coordination of manure with mineral fertilizer and coordination of manure with microbial fertilizer were the most remarkable among the many kinds of fertilizer practices, because this two practices might increase the bacteria and actinomycetes number of soil and decrease the soil fungi number. Compared with the control, the amount of bacteria in this two practices increased by 109.8% and 405.0%, actinomycetes 320.3% and 215.0%, and fungi decreased by 44.0% and 47.2%, respectively. Soil microbial number of the protected soil is higher than that of the air-open soil, but soil microbial number was decreased with the increase of planting years of the protected soil.