阻燃高抗冲聚苯乙烯/有机改性蒙脱土纳米复合材料阻燃效应的研究(Ⅱ)——蒙脱土改性比率对阻燃协效性的影响

Studies on Fire Retarding Effect of Fire Retardant HIPS/Organo-MMT Nanocomposite ——Influences of Modification Ratio of Organo-MMT on Synergistic Effect

运用"一步熔融共混法"制备了同时包含十溴二苯乙烷(SAYTEX8010)-氧化锑(Sb2O3)和蒙脱土(MMT)-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(C16BrN)(不同重量比率)阻燃体系的系列高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)复合材料,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、UL-94垂直燃烧测试和锥形量热计等测试手段对其结构形貌和燃烧性能进行了表征,探讨了两种阻燃体系间的协效性及蒙脱土改性比率对协效度的影响。结果表明,在十溴二苯乙烷存在时,可以制备层离型阻燃HIPS/MMT纳米复合材料,其中两种阻燃体系具有优异的阻燃协效性,其协效度取决于复合材料中各组分的复合比率,特别是MMT及C16BrN的改性比率。研究发现,其它组分含量一定时(十溴二苯乙烷和氧化锑重量比率保持10∶4),MMT和C16BrN改性比率为4∶2时复合材料具有相对最佳阻燃性,十溴二苯乙烷体系和改性蒙脱土体系具有相对最优阻燃协效度。

High impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites containing both thane-1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl) (SAYTEX 8010)-antimony (Sb 2O 3) and Montmorillonite (MMT)- Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (C16BrN, combination with MMT at different modification ratio) fire retarding system packages were prepared by One-Step Melt Blending in One-Pot. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Underwriters Laboratory Vertical Burning Test (UL 94 V) and Cone Calorimeter Test have been performed to characterize the morphology and combustion properties of the fire retardant composites. Synergistic effect between the two fire retarding system packages and influences of modification ratio on synergistic effectiveness were investigated. Results show that exfoliated HIPS/MMT nanocomposites in the presence of SAYTEX 8010 can be obtained. Excellent synergistic effect has been found between the two packages, whose effectiveness relies on the combinational ratio of respective components, especially that of pristine clay and C16BrN. It has been found that with the constant mass ratio of 10\%∶\%4 for SAYTEX 8010 to Sb 2O 3, the optimal modification ratio of 4\%∶\%2 of Clay0 to C16BrN can lead to the best fire retardancy and synergistic effectiveness.