超级小麦育种有关问题的探讨

Discussions on Related Issues of Super Wheat Breeding

进入21世纪,我国小麦生产面临着前所未有的新形势:小麦种植面积逐年减少、对小麦的需求量不断增加、加入WTO后小麦市场面临着激烈的国际竞争、迫切要求提高小麦的种植效益。形势要求我国小麦单产要有突破性提高,品质要有大幅度改善。因此"超级小麦"成为新世纪小麦育种的标志,并具有了新的内涵和意义。本文分析了"超级小麦育种"提出的背景,论述了超级小麦的概念和目标,就超级小麦种质创新、育种策略、育种技术等有关问题进行了探讨,并从产量构成、源-库关系协调和物候发育控制三个方面提出了超级小麦育种的思路。

After the advent of the new century, wheat production in China encountered new situation never met (before). Agriculture configuration made wheat planting area decreased sharply. Wheat production is required to be improved because of population increase and social development. Wheat quality need to be improved and growing (efficiency) need to be increased for activating farmers to plant wheat due to international wheat market (competition) after entering WTO. 'Super wheat' is a landmark of wheat breeding in the new century, and which is embodied with now contents. In this paper, the background of super wheat breeding was retrieved, concept and goal of super wheat were formulated, and issues related to genetic resource enhancement, breeding strategy and (techniques) were discussed. Super wheat breeding ideas were brought up from yield components, (sink-source) (coordination) and control of development period.