中专护校学生心理需要及其结构特点

Study on Mentality Requirements of Secondary Nursing Students

目的 了解和探讨新形势下中专护校学生心理需要及其结构特点,为培养适应现代护理需要的合格护理人才提供理论依据。方法采用问卷法对福建省不同地区4所中专卫校1165名护士专业学生(以下简称"护生")的18种心理需要进行调查。结果需要的六大维度由强至弱依次为尊重、发展、交往、生理、贡献、安全需要。护生需要结构有其共同特征,其主导需要是维持生存、友情、自尊自立及求知需要;非主导需要是性、躲避羞辱、归属及躲避伤害需要。在各年级、各地区护生的需要结构中差异有显著性。结论当前护生心理需要具有鲜明的时代和年龄特征,其主流是好的。但需要结构中也存在一些不合理的现象,要加强引导和教育。

Objective To probe into mentality requirements and its structure, and to provide evidence for nursing students training. Methods A survey was conducted by questionnaire on 18 requirements of 1 165 nursing students in four secondary health schools in different areas of Fujian Province. Results The requirements dimensions from the most to the lest were respect, development, communications, physiological needs, contribution and security. The common characteristic in the structure with the major requirements were survival, fellowship, self-esteem and independence,pursuit of knowledge; the minor were sex, evasion of shame, belongingness and avoidance of being hurt. There were significant differences among the requirements structure for different grades and areas. Conclusion Present psychological requirements of nursing students have distinctive characteristics of era and age, but remain unreasonable phenomena. The guidance and education should be strengthened.