量词的分类与对外汉语量词教学

Measure Words: Semantic Classifications and Teaching in Elementary Chinese

有关量词的分类,有的以语义为基础进行平面划分,即按"数+量±的+名"的标准进行划分。本文提出,按照"±必要"将量词首先分为个体量词和非个体量词两个大类,然后每级一个分类标准,对非个体量词作下位划分,最终建立一个多层次的立体分类系统。这种分类可以较好地解决对外汉语数学中一些量词类属不明的问题。

The measure word classifications have not been satisfactory up to now. This paper suggests that firstly,measure words be classified into 'measure words for countable objects' and 'the other measure words'; and the latter can be further classified into subtypes by different standards at different levels, resulting in a multi-level system. This classification is able to solve more efficiently the problem of vague measure word category in teaching Chinese as a second language.