尾矿坝浸润线异常状况下时空混沌模型及非线性动力特性

Spatiotemporal chaos model of abnormal saturation line in tailings dam and its nonlinearity dynamical character

为了描述单方向演化及异常渗流状况下尾矿坝浸润线的时空混沌行为,以浸润线高度与坝体高度的比值作为状态变量,在单向耦合映象格子模型的基础上,引入1个异常因子η,以此建立浸润线耦合映象格子模型vn+1(i)=(1-ε)f(vn(i))+ηεf(vn(i-1))。分析了η=0.5时,模型在非线性强度1.25≤a≤2.0及耦合强度0.01≤ε≤0.04各种组合下的空间振幅变化图。研究结果表明:浸润线耦合映象格子模型除了具有耦合映象格子模型的一些基本模式外,倍周期现象特别突出并深刻影响着浸润线的时空演化;模型的时空行为可分为周期模式、扭结反扭结模式、多带混沌模式、完全发展湍流模式、缺陷湍流模式、缺陷混沌扩散模式、图案选择模式、图样竞争阵发混沌模式8种,周期模式占据了时空相图中的大部分区域;用浸润线耦合映象格子模型能够解释浸润线长时间演化行为及其非线性动力特性形成的机理,并能解释各类边坡、坝体的复杂渗流现象。

On the basis of one-way coupled map lattices, taken the ratio of saturation line height to tailings dam height as the state variable , saturation line coupled map lattices(SLCMLs) with an abnormal factor, v_(n+1)(i)=(1-ε)f(v_n(i))+ηεf(v_n(i-1)), is presented for describing spatiotemporal chaotic behavior of saturation line that has the characters in one-way evolvement and abnormal saturation state. While η=0.5, space-amplitude plot is analyzed in every combination by nonlinearity parameter 1.25≤a≤2.0 and strength of coupling 0.01≤ε≤0.40. The results show that SLCMLs has an abundant phenomenon of period-doubling influencing spatiotemporal evolvement of the saturation line besides some basic patterns of coupled map lattices. Spatiotemporal behavior of SLCMLs can be divided into eight patterns that are period, kink-antikink, multitape chaos, fully developed turbulence, defect turbulence, defect chaotic diffusion, pattern selection, pattern competition intermittency, in which the period(including kink-antikink) maintains most region of the phase diagram. By SLCMLs, not only longtime evolvement behavior of saturation line but also mechanism resulted in nonlinearity dynamical character can be explained, complex saturation of all sorts of slope and dam can also be understood.