豆科牧草对黄绵土生态因素影响研究

Studies of the Influence of Bean Pasture Grass on Ecological Factors of Loess

用定位试验方法研究了豆科和禾本科作物对陇东黄绵土生态因素的影响。结果表明:黄绵土坡地养分、泥沙和水的流失量,多年生豆科牧草地最少,未耕裸露地较大,黄豆地最大;土壤酶活性,豆科作物地高于禾本科作物地,苜蓿地>红豆草>裸地>黄豆地;暴雨期拦蓄降水的作用,苜蓿和红豆草大于冬小麦,利用自然资源、同化环境中养分的功能,苜蓿>红豆草>冬小麦,而三者的土壤养分变化没有质的差异。研究证明,多年生豆科牧草对土壤生态和形成良性生态体系具有良好作用。

By experiments at fixed position the author studied the influence of bean cultures and cereal crops on the e-cological factors of Loess in the eastern Gansu Province, The result indicated that the Sequence of the loss of fertility on slopes and water and sediment yield from low to high is perennial bean grassland, bare uncul-tivated land, Soybean land. As to the zyme, bean family croping land is higher than grass family croping land, and the sequence from high to low is clover land, ormosia grassland, bareland, soybean land. As to the capacity of retaining precipitation during rainy season, the clover and ormosia grass are higher than the winter wheat. As to the function of using natarol resources to assimilate the fertility in the sourronding area, the sequence from Strong to weak is clover, abric grass and winter wheat, while no essential difference existed in the fertility of soil in these plants. The research showed that the perennial bean pasture grass had better influence on soil ecology and formation of a benign ecological system.