庄户沟小流域综合治理成效及经验

Effects and Experiences Gained From Comprehensively Harnessment of Zhanghugou Small Watershed.

庄户沟小流域是水利部海河水利委员会于1980年确定的综合治理试点,由海河水利委员会和北京市水利局主持,经过十年治理,于1990年10月通过了验收和技术鉴定。该流域各项技术经济指标均达到和超过了部颁标准,合理地调整了土地利用结构,有效地控制了水土流失,改善了生态环境,摸索出一条改善生态条件促进经济发展的新路子。

Zhuanghugou, situated in the upper basin of Miyun Reservoir in Beijing is in a rocky mountainous area with a drainage basin of 85. 21km2. In 1980, Zhuanghugou was listed as one of the experimental small wa-tersheds to be comprehensively harnessed by Minersty of Water Resources. During the experimental period harnessment was combined with development, scientific research and training. Various soil and water conser-vation measures were laidout on far-mountains, near-mountains, sloping surface and gullies in line with their conditions. Due to these efforts an integral protection system was formed. Through comprehensive har-nessment, the structure of land utilization was adjusted, degree of vegetation cover increased from 45% to 80%, modulus of soil erosion decreased from 1456t/km2 to 384t/km2, overall grain production increased from 1610 tons to 2090 tons. Besides, incomes of forest, animal husbandry and sideline industries doubled and redoubled, 40% farm households had built new tile-roofed houses, problems of shortages of grain, wa-ter and firewood were thoroughly solved.