地质异常理论在油气勘探中的应用

Application of the geologic anomaly theory to hydrocarbon exploration

油气地质异常理论源于固体矿产 (金属矿产 )地质异常理论的研究和应用。将地质异常理论应用于油气勘探一般有 3个步骤 :首先是选择与研究区石油地质条件相似的成熟勘探区作为模型区 ,进行油气层与地质异常信息的对应关系分析 ;然后利用研究区三维地震信息中所提取的瞬时振幅、瞬时频率、瞬时相位作为地质变量 ,进行地质复杂系数、熵值、地质相似系数等异常值的计算 ,建立地质异常定位预测模型 ;最后计算出研究区每一评价单元的成矿有利度和优益度 ,并最终优选出勘探目标。油气地质异常理论首次应用于临清坳陷德南地区油气勘探 ,取得了成功。

The theory of hydrocarbon geologic anomaly was derived from the research and application of solid mineral (ore mineral) geologic anomaly. The hydrocarbon exploration with the geologic anomaly theory generally has three steps:(1)First, a matured exploration area that has similar petroleum geology conditions with the interest region should be selected as a model area, and the correlations between hydrocarbon-bearing layers and geologic anomaly information are analyzed for the model area; (2) For the interest region, instantaneous amplitude, frequency and phase are picked out from 3*.D seismic data, and can be used as geologic variables to calculate the anomaly values of geologic complexity, entropy and geologic comparability, and to build a prediction model for geologic anomaly location; (3) Finally, the hydrocarbon accumulation favorability and advantage grade are calculated for each evaluation unit in the region, and the exploration targets can be optimized. The first application of the hydrocarbon geologic anomaly theory to exploration in Denan area, Linqing depression, has made successful results.